Example sentences of "are [vb pp] by [noun] " in BNC.

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1 A few guests who are invited to a midweek ceremony may not be able to leave work early , are delayed by rush hour traffic , or have to return home to change their clothes , and therefore they reach the reception after it has started .
2 for instance , the costs of travelling by rail or by car are refunded by Pilkingtons , Billiton and local authorities .
3 The complaint of Admiral Vernon , in a parliamentary speech of 1749 , that ‘ our fleets , which are defrauded by injustice , are first manned by violence and maintained by cruelty ’ , was substantially justified .
4 Some people would argue that many applications for judicial review which are heard by courts in fact involve wider political and administrative issues ; and that the rules of evidence and procedure in such cases should be changed to allow interested third parties to ‘ intervene ’ in the proceedings and to allow relevant information to be given about the likely impact of a decision one way or the other on the administrative process and on the public at large .
5 Annual rate bills are calculated by reference to rateable values and the rate multiplier .
6 These are calculated by reference to the regulations and allowance is made for dependants , income tax , national insurance , housing costs , and work expenses .
7 Gains on property disposals are calculated by reference to historical net book value to the Group .
8 Our charges are calculated by reference to an hourly rate .
9 All these are policed by Gloucestershire 's royal protection squad — and the county 's tax payers contrubute a million pounds towards the bill , which comes out of the police budget .
10 Savings due to reduced admissions are dismissed by administrators because the saved places are readily used up from endless waiting lists .
11 They are dismissed by others in the occult , who claim that the group ‘ tell outsiders this tall story ( of Satan being the Son of God ) to make themselves look respectable ’ .
12 Foundationalists suppose that there are two sorts of justification , and that the inferentially justified beliefs are justified by appeal to the non-inferentially justified ones .
13 Moreover , some topics are placed by law within the ( co-determination ) jurisdiction of the works council , a formally union-independent system of interest representation in which all eligible employees may vote and stand for election regardless of union membership .
14 A similar problem may arise where orders are placed by telephone , or at trade fairs , over lunch and so on .
15 When using the direct method , tesserae are placed by hand into a layer of fresh mortar spread in small patches across the hardened , penultimate , mortar layer , ( hence the possibility of guidelines , see above ) .
16 In a nation where rank is everything , and everything is ranked , these ‘ yuppiewhites ’ are placed by Japanese at the top of the gaijin pecking order .
17 The rules appear to assume that a higher level of disclosure should be made to private customers , but unless the common law rules are altered by reference to the entirety of the rules and the assumptions in them rather than to a specific rule , this result may not be achieved .
18 Pedestrians going down the steps from the bus stop are hidden by trees and shrubs and have to either walk in the road or cross over to find a pavement .
19 In the vicinity of the z axis they are given by eqn ( 3.65 ) .
20 The covector components are given by eqn ( 5.5 ) for two dimensions : .
21 The readings are given by Vanessa Rosenthal who has worked extensively in theatre , television and film .
22 Reviews of the mineral potential of selected deposits in the region are given by Hughes ( 1988 ) and Hall ( 1989 ) .
23 If such aids are given by EC member states , then this could clearly distort the process of competition within the SEM , a fundamental tenet of which is the creation of equality in trading opportunities .
24 Comprehensive summaries of uranium and other mineralisation in Scotland are given by Gallagher and others ( 1971 ) and Michie and Gallagher ( 1979 ) .
25 Not all lectures are given by lecturers , or sermons by preachers .
26 To synthesise such band-pass response , notice that if an inductance of the prototype low-pass filter with unit cut-off pulsatance was then its reactance must become where Thus it is clear that an inductance of the low-pass prototype must be replaced by a series combination of an inductance and capacitance , the values of which are given by equations ( 12.45 ) and ( 12.46 ) .
27 In a similar way , the reactance of a capacitance of the prototype low-pass filter must be replaced by which is of the form where Apparently , to synthesise the band-pass response , any capacitance of the prototype must be replaced by capacitance in parallel with inductance , the values of which are given by equations ( 12.47 ) and ( 12.48 ) .
28 The methods of calculation for the Cornfield confidence intervals and the population and relative attributable risks are given by Breslow and Day .
29 Three reasons are given by Bacon and Eltis : both Conservative and Labour governments , because of their adherence to Keynesian economics , were anxious to deal with unemployment quickly by tinkering with the economy ; because of the public demand for improved social services ; and because extra jobs in the public services could be provided cheaply and quickly since no extra capital investment was necessary as would be the case in industry .
30 1.5.3 such other fitting out works as the Tenant shall [ reasonably ] require ] The tenant 's works may of course be far more extensive and the above works are given by way of illustration only .
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