Example sentences of "[verb] [adj] exchange rate " in BNC.
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| 1 | This could have forced us to accept fixed exchange rates for the pound , restricting industrial growth and so putting jobs at risk . |
| 2 | Other measures would have to include reducing budget deficits , curbing monetary growth to get inflation under control , reforming the agricultural sector , limiting the role of government , and establishing stable exchange rates . |
| 3 | The spot rates for each currency change throughout the day and are used as a basis for establishing appropriate exchange rates for mail transfers , travellers ' cheques and currency notes . |
| 4 | The realignment of exchange rates discussed above might suggest that it has not been very successful in promoting greater exchange rate stability . |
| 5 | It was alleged that exchange rate changes would reflect money supply growth rate differentials and , consequently , exchange rate flexibility would insulate countries from external nominal shocks . |
| 6 | Governments which maintain fixed exchange rates often find that they are compelled to use expenditure-reducing fiscal and monetary policies in the attempt to control inflation and to reduce spending on imported goods and services . |
| 7 | It is possible to calculate hypothetical exchange rates to allow for the fact that specific commodities ( say , bread , video cassettes etc. ) are cheaper in country A than country B. Such comparisons of production on the basis of ‘ real income per head ’ , or ‘ purchasing power parity ’ showed the UK in 1985 to have 64.8 per cent of the income of the USA , or 85.6 per cent of the average of six countries shown at Figure 2.2 . |
| 8 | It need not be if the authorities do not acknowledge a responsibility for control of inflation or if they believe that exchange rates ( just like changes in wage rates , or indirect taxes ) do not influence inflation but rather have their effect on relative prices . |
| 9 | In this new environment it was widely believed that exchange rates , freed from restrictive intervention , would adjust reasonably smoothly to divergences in competitiveness , as predicted by the purchasing power parity theorem . |
| 10 | In contrast , in an exchange rate union there inevitably exists a degree of uncertainty , however limited , regarding intra-union exchange rates . |
| 11 | In the agricultural sector , the self-interest of the state has led to policies which have favoured distorted exchange rates , consistently favouring government and the urban population at the expense of the incomes of rural families , and ultimately at the expense of marketed production . |
| 12 | Sometimes central banks intervene to smooth out price fluctuations but overall independent market forces determine foreign exchange rates . |
| 13 | However , speculative pressure , stimulated by the increasing size and mobility of capital flows , eventually brought about the suspension of official dollar convertibility into gold and the subsequent abandonment by individual monetary authorities of their obligation to maintain fixed exchange rates . |
| 14 | In preparing group accounts , therefore , both companies translate foreign currencies into terms of pounds , using suitable exchange rates . |