Example sentences of "is [vb pp] by [verb] " in BNC.
Next page| No | Sentence |
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| 1 | This provided an arithmetic mean of the H + concentration , rather than a geometric mean , which is calculated by averaging the pH values directly . |
| 2 | A country 's real effective exchange rate is calculated by adjusting the nominal , trade-weighted exchange rate for differences in inflation at home and abroad . |
| 3 | This is calculated by locating a base line across the minima on either side of the absorption band and the vertical height to the top of the band from the base line is converted into a composition using the equation where P cis is the fraction of cis configuration , A cis is the absorbance at 13.6 µm , A trans the absorbance at 10.4 µm , and if we assume that the 1,2 content is negligible . |
| 4 | In money terms the annual interest cost to you of providing credit to your customers is calculated by taking the value of your average monthly debtors outstanding and multiplying the figure by the current overdraft rate . |
| 5 | Once the position of the mean is defined the spread of the distribution about it is calculated by summing the moments of each class interval about the mean . |
| 6 | The present value cost of the loan is calculated by discounting the cash flow , which consists of capital repayments , gross interest costs and the tax benefits available on interest expense . |
| 7 | Debt service ratio : This ratio is calculated by combining debt principal repayments and interest payable in a single year and dividing it by the country 's exports for the equivalent period . |
| 8 | The shelf stock for each interest category is calculated by expressing its loan component percentage as a percentage of the total open shelf capacity of the library . |
| 9 | The effect , d , is calculated by subtracting this proportion in the base category of the explanatory variable from this proportion in the non-base category of the explanatory variable . |
| 10 | Liquid products for manual use : This is calculated by standardising arithmetically the price to achieve a true cost which represents the price the product would be if it were at a standard concentration of 30 per cent . |
| 11 | For Excess time payments — the amount is calculated by multiplying the number of days worked by the daily rate in the excess hours column . |
| 12 | For Excess travelling payments — the amount is calculated by multiplying the number of days worked by the daily rate in the expenses column . |
| 13 | Price/earnings ( P/E ) ratio ; this is based on the latest annual earnings and is calculated by dividing the market share price by the last declared figure for earnings per share . |
| 14 | Where these special rules apply , as they do in the majority of cases , the taxable investment income of the basic life assurance business is calculated by apportioning the worldwide investment income of the life fund by reference to the ratio of liabilities to UK resident policy-holders to liabilities to all policyholders . |
| 15 | The yield to maturity ( rm ) is calculated by solving the following equation : . |
| 16 | The money yield ( rm ) is calculated by solving the following equation ( assuming that the calculation is made on a coupon payment date so that AI = 0 ) : where S is the number of coupon payments before redemption . |
| 17 | The cold water cistern is drained by shutting off the mains stopcock ( or , if fitted , the servicing valve ) and then opening the bath and basin cold taps . |
| 18 | In all cases access is arranged by applying in person , at the main library issue desk , where proof of identify may be required . |
| 19 | The mental act is explained by referring to another mental act , or a rule , or a piece of evidence , as in ( 10 ) . |
| 20 | This is explained by relaxing the previous assumption of risk neutrality . |
| 21 | Ideas , according to Berkeley , are particulars whose significance is explained by saying that they stand for the things they represent . |
| 22 | For overseas women the problem is compounded by struggling to achieve some status in the adopted country and meeting the domestic commitments peculiar to their cultural background . |
| 23 | The spatial association is checked by searching through the hierarchical spaces for an intersection between the geometric domains of the parts . |
| 24 | The sample cleanliness is checked by observing recoiled impurities in TOF-SARS or by using standard surface analysis techniques such as Auger electron spectroscopy ( AES ) and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy ( XPS ) . |
| 25 | Transparencies can be studied for longer periods than drawings on the board , and no time is consumed by drawing during the lesson . |
| 26 | Most of the time is consumed by waiting for the various processes of typesetting , page design and layout , proofing and so on to occur . |
| 27 | staining first appears in r3 ( a ) and after a few hours is joined by staining in r5 ( b ) . |
| 28 | Curate Tim Robinson , from Acklam , Middlesbrough , whose culinary pastimes offer a rich compliment to his clerical vocation , is joined by catering student Michelle Hattee , from Stamford Bridge , and farmer 's wife Linda Yewdall , from Melbourne , both near York . |
| 29 | Dropping from the basis means deleting the edge from p to q from the tree , T , and adding I to J. The result is still a tree because , if the path from i to 1 in T is broken by dropping the edge from p to q , another path can be constructed by going instead from p to q round the cycle ( using the edge I to J ) . |
| 30 | Since , the down-problem at node l is developed by adding , which means pivoting in the -row of P1*/LP1 and gives P1*/LP3 . |