Example sentences of "have [vb pp] [that] by " in BNC.

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1 And in relation to the greenhouse effect , FoE has calculated that by using energy-efficient fridges , freezers , domestic lighting and washing machines , the annual UK emission of carbon dioxide would be cut by 17.5 million tonnes .
2 The Crown has claimed that by the time he was arrested in the summer of 1991 his alleged computer forays had breached security surrounding a number of systems including one at EC headquarters , another at a world famous centre for cancer research and treatment and others at various universities .
3 He has found that by lowering the temperature of the tank to 72–73°F , the white spot are slowed down and the daphnia , which feed on the parasites remain active .
4 Foster has concluded that by the second decade of the nineteenth century , the well-organised mule spinners had " fought themselves " to near parity with London 's building craftsmen .
5 Myers has estimated that by the end of the century , at present rates , there will be only two relict blocks : western Brazilian Amazonia and Zaire , with smaller ones in New Guinea and the Guyana Shield of South America , but that these are unlikely to last beyond 2050 because of cultivation as , for example , the population in Rondonia in south Brazilian Amazonia increased from 1100 in 1975 to well over a million by 1986 , with an increase in cultivation from 1250km 2 to 10000 in 1982 and 17000 in 1986 .
6 Moreover , the Secretary of State has predicted that by the 1990s there will be proportionately more of the total population in higher education , whether at university or polytechnic .
7 You 'd have thought that by now his publicity people would have come up with something a little more attractive .
8 He may also have hoped that by supporting a revolution with which the Chinese felt no small degree of identification , he would be able to outmanoeuvre his Maoist critics .
9 ( Mind you , if you had extrapolated the trend of Dixons sales in the mid-80s , you would have concluded that by the year 2020 we would be spending every penny of our income on consumer electronics . )
10 Given this tranquil climate , few contemporary observers could have predicted that by the late 1520s the English crown and the papacy would be locked in a bitter jurisdictional conflict which would eventually end in schism .
11 She had conquered that by an effort of the will which had once been almost her enemy , so strong was it , but had , in enabling her to live calmly among so many enemies in male form , become her friend .
12 I 've heard that by next year 60 per cent of all PCs will be connected to local area networks .
13 The early starts were a disadvantage , but Charles had minimized that by staying with Miles and Juliet and having the car pick him up at six .
14 Earlier reports had said that by the end of May more than 100 of an estimated 2,000 political prisoners had been freed [ see p. 38913 ] .
15 By the time Zahedi rejoined his king in Morrocco at the end of January 1979 , he had decided that by refusing to give the Shah unequivocal support , the United States had betrayed him .
16 Two years ago Mr Gladstone had promised that by 1855 taxation would drop to sixpence in the pound , but the war in the Crimea had put a stop to such plans .
17 The president had agreed that by some means or other Britain must gain a clear victory .
18 The food taking too long , we 'll ring them up tomorrow , but historically , we 've found that by tonight , they 've usually sorted the problem out .
19 He had hoped that by trying some whisky he 'd understand adults a bit better ; instead they made even less sense .
20 She had called it ‘ Death in the Buildings ’ , and had based it not only on the tragedy she had witnessed , but had also written of the temptation for young girls to make money by selling themselves than by working long hours for poor pay , and had followed that by writing of women 's disabilities in a world where care in childbirth was minimal , and how only the kindness of humane doctors made it possible for them to have any skilled treatment at all .
21 A lawyer for Mr O'Reilly said the chemist had believed that by diluting the cream it removed the necessity for a prescription .
22 Whether he had perceived that by acceding to British demands he had permanently estranged himself from Russia is debatable .
23 I think you 've covered that by indicating the nature of the cash handling for the whole organization .
24 But of course if he worked for Raleigh where they 've got a vast labour force a vast pay as you earn scheme then any income would be taxed by Raleigh as a subsidiary source so there would be another code number there , they would actually be collecting tax at two sources , but they would still need to allocate allowances , it may well be that , at Raleigh for example , they 've covered that by allowances in which case they pull back five hundred pounds there to collect .
25 Mauss had suggested that by an exhaustive process of observation and recording , it might be possible to establish unchanging laws of human behaviour .
26 In 1957 , Sir Christopher Hinton , about to become the very first chairman of the CEGB , had predicted that by the 1970s nuclear power would be ‘ appreciably ’ cheaper than coal-fired generation .
27 On behalf of FoE , three environmental scientists from the University of East Anglia have calculated that by the year 2030 sea levels in the southeast of England will be between 28 and 84 centimetres higher than today .
28 It is no wonder that Christians throughout the ages have said that by contemplating the Trinity they have found the ultimate essence , expression and exercise of happiness .
29 We have seen that by the time children start school they have developed the basic cognitive and linguistic abilities required for handling explanations in the empirical and intentional modes .
30 Some have argued that by becoming involved in local government we had brought the whole disaster upon ourselves .
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