Example sentences of "of exchange rate " in BNC.
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| 1 | Meanwhile , market operators take due account of exchange rate risk ; and what alarms them is not so much the size , but the direction of a deficit . |
| 2 | Membership of a system of exchange rate parities which are fixed would involve considerable intervention in the underlying economy to maintain that fixity . |
| 3 | The effect of exchange rate policy has been reinforced by agricultural pricing policy . |
| 4 | John Smith 's devotion to the cause of exchange rate stability is not the symbol of virtue which many mistake it for . |
| 5 | In times of exchange rate volatility , such as we have been experiencing for the past few years , most overseas buyers will want to be invoiced in their own currency and avoid any exchange risk . |
| 6 | Whether that occurs depends on its responses to the issue that is going to continue to dominate the political scene — the economy in general and the consequences of Exchange Rate Mechanism membership in particular . |
| 7 | By contrast contemporary economic analysis of exchange rate policy saw the choice of alternative rates merely as a technical problem involving the conundrums of relative elasticities and inflationary effects . |
| 8 | Special purpose tax-free reserves include allowances for bad debts , reserves to cover the impact of exchange rate fluctuations and the accumulating half-yearly wage bonuses . |
| 9 | This section is designed to explain briefly the operation of various exchange rate arrangements , before we analyse in more depth in this and the next chapter how the type of exchange rate system influences the adjustment mechanism . |
| 10 | Consequently an effective system of international trade requires the adoption of exchange rate arrangements which enable the currency of one country to be exchanged for currencies of other countries . |
| 11 | Such official intervention may in theory reduce the degree of exchange rate volatility , and so partially reduce the uncertainty in world trade that might result from a free float . |
| 12 | The band of fluctuation either side of the new parities was widened from 1 per cent to 2.25 per cent , thus allowing for a larger margin of exchange rate fluctuation before official intervention was required . |
| 13 | The extent to which the exchange rate can contribute to the adjustment mechanism , in either an automatic or a discretionary manner , is influenced by the type of exchange rate system in operation . |
| 14 | At first glance the size of the surpluses , their volatility , and the corresponding deficits in oil importing countries would appear to pose an overwhelm-ing problem for any type of exchange rate system . |
| 15 | The relative balance of these factors has changed over time and is influenced by the type of exchange rate system in operation . |
| 16 | Despite the adoption of floating exchange rates , within many European countries there has been a persistent desire to maintain some degree of exchange rate stability . |
| 17 | Eventually the elimination of exchange rate margins , with the establishment of a common currency recognized as being perhaps the best way of embodying this . |
| 18 | But such matters are relative : the major currencies outside the EMS have been characterized by a high degree of exchange rate volatility , and the proper comparison is to consider the effect on intra-community exchange rates without the operation of the EMS . |
| 19 | However , it must be acknowledged also that the conditions of the time have an important part to play in determining the feasibility of any particular type of exchange rate system . |
| 20 | It had been hoped that the removal of exchange rate fluctuations between EC currencies would constitute the first stage toward monetary union , but the widespread acceptance of floating has made this aim more difficult to achieve , although the European Monetary System has had some success in this respect . |
| 21 | More generally , this effect means that multinationals are cushioned to a degree from the effects of exchange rate shifts and other determinants of national competitiveness ( Lipsey and Kravis , 1987 ) . |
| 22 | All this was poised to change rather rapidly by the late 1980s as these groups , plus the third largest American hotel chain Ramada , made a determined effort to increase their stake in London in particular , on the backs of the upsurge in American tourists coming to the United Kingdom largely because of exchange rate changes . |
| 23 | Now Britain is in the Exchange Rate Mechanism , the risk of exchange rate fluctuation with other ERM currencies is reduced . |
| 24 | It synthesizes models of wage-price determination , with models of exchange rate determination . |
| 25 | International macroeconomics ( Dr C Bliss , Nuffield College , Oxford and Professor D Currie , Queen Mary College , London ) : economic interdependence and macroeconomic policy coordination ( or an international system which permits markets to do the job ) ; policy design in an open economy ( credibility , precommitment , time-consistency ) ; sovereign borrowing and international debt ; exchange rate systems and currency blocs ; the efficiency of international capital markets ; causes and consequences of exchange rate misalignments ; recent economic history in the open economy context . |
| 26 | In response to economic events and to developments in economic analysis , it has moved , as have other models , to take specific account of financial flows , of monetary developments and of exchange rate changes . |
| 27 | Reaffirmation of exchange rate co-operation |
| 28 | This demonstrates precisely the nature of exchange rate risk . |
| 29 | It says that the rate of exchange rate appreciation implied by the futures market will equal the difference between US and UK interest rates . |
| 30 | The post 1973 exchange rate changes , more often than not , did not offset inflation rate differentials , as was anticipated by advocates of exchange rate flexibility . |