Example sentences of "[prep] exchange rate " in BNC.
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| 1 | Confirmation of the deal , the terms of which were adjusted marginally for exchange rate movements since a letter of intent was signed in July , coincided with the release of Nu-Swift 's interim figures revealing pre-tax profits of £16.4m ( £15.5m ) and earnings per share of 19.78p ( 18.73p ) . |
| 2 | Membership of the ERM has necessitated a ‘ close co-operation between the Federal Government and the Bundesbank ’ since the government is responsible for exchange rate policy ; and Pöhl and Schlesinger have both made it clear that they are obliged to obey their political masters on EMU as well . |
| 3 | If the explanation offered by purchasing power parity for exchange rate levels is correct then these deviations are due to buying and selling of dollars and sterling which are motivated by factors other than the relative prices of goods involved in trade . |
| 4 | Also , the financial ceiling applied to the renewal of short-term central bank indebtedness , automatically available for exchange rate intervention , was doubled . |
| 5 | This states that nominal interest rates from investments that are hedged ( or covered ) for exchange rate risk will be equal in all countries . |
| 6 | This states that nominal interest rates from investments that are unhedged ( or uncovered ) for exchange rate risk will be equal in all countries . |
| 7 | Similarly , the case for exchange rate changes in response to inflation rate differentials during the transition period to the establishment of the European currency union is less than convincing . |
| 8 | The operation of the adjustable peg required deficit countries to carry out expenditure-reducing policies between exchange rate adjustments , whereas floating permits automatic adjustment to take place via the exchange rate . |
| 9 | You need n't worry about exchange rate fluctuations , as British Coal is mined in Britain and sold in sterling . |
| 10 | In particular we have looked at ( a ) the effect of interest rates on people 's anticipations of future security prices and ( b ) the effect of expectations about exchange rate movements . |
| 11 | Meanwhile , market operators take due account of exchange rate risk ; and what alarms them is not so much the size , but the direction of a deficit . |
| 12 | Membership of a system of exchange rate parities which are fixed would involve considerable intervention in the underlying economy to maintain that fixity . |
| 13 | The effect of exchange rate policy has been reinforced by agricultural pricing policy . |
| 14 | John Smith 's devotion to the cause of exchange rate stability is not the symbol of virtue which many mistake it for . |
| 15 | In times of exchange rate volatility , such as we have been experiencing for the past few years , most overseas buyers will want to be invoiced in their own currency and avoid any exchange risk . |
| 16 | Whether that occurs depends on its responses to the issue that is going to continue to dominate the political scene — the economy in general and the consequences of Exchange Rate Mechanism membership in particular . |
| 17 | By contrast contemporary economic analysis of exchange rate policy saw the choice of alternative rates merely as a technical problem involving the conundrums of relative elasticities and inflationary effects . |
| 18 | Special purpose tax-free reserves include allowances for bad debts , reserves to cover the impact of exchange rate fluctuations and the accumulating half-yearly wage bonuses . |
| 19 | This section is designed to explain briefly the operation of various exchange rate arrangements , before we analyse in more depth in this and the next chapter how the type of exchange rate system influences the adjustment mechanism . |
| 20 | Consequently an effective system of international trade requires the adoption of exchange rate arrangements which enable the currency of one country to be exchanged for currencies of other countries . |
| 21 | Such official intervention may in theory reduce the degree of exchange rate volatility , and so partially reduce the uncertainty in world trade that might result from a free float . |
| 22 | The band of fluctuation either side of the new parities was widened from 1 per cent to 2.25 per cent , thus allowing for a larger margin of exchange rate fluctuation before official intervention was required . |
| 23 | The extent to which the exchange rate can contribute to the adjustment mechanism , in either an automatic or a discretionary manner , is influenced by the type of exchange rate system in operation . |
| 24 | At first glance the size of the surpluses , their volatility , and the corresponding deficits in oil importing countries would appear to pose an overwhelm-ing problem for any type of exchange rate system . |
| 25 | The relative balance of these factors has changed over time and is influenced by the type of exchange rate system in operation . |
| 26 | Despite the adoption of floating exchange rates , within many European countries there has been a persistent desire to maintain some degree of exchange rate stability . |
| 27 | Eventually the elimination of exchange rate margins , with the establishment of a common currency recognized as being perhaps the best way of embodying this . |
| 28 | But such matters are relative : the major currencies outside the EMS have been characterized by a high degree of exchange rate volatility , and the proper comparison is to consider the effect on intra-community exchange rates without the operation of the EMS . |
| 29 | However , it must be acknowledged also that the conditions of the time have an important part to play in determining the feasibility of any particular type of exchange rate system . |
| 30 | It had been hoped that the removal of exchange rate fluctuations between EC currencies would constitute the first stage toward monetary union , but the widespread acceptance of floating has made this aim more difficult to achieve , although the European Monetary System has had some success in this respect . |