Example sentences of "[conj] [noun sg] by [Wh det] " in BNC.

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1 The special activity or purpose of a thing ; mode of activity or action by which a thing fulfils its purpose .
2 Or , further , is it possible to incorporate in the framework of the state itself some provision or institution by which a governmental act or command ultra vires may be declared to be such , and subjects therefore exempted from its operation and released from any legal obligation to observe or obey it ?
3 What was intriguing was that after the gentleman in question had filled in his first , second and third name there was room on the form , if he felt so inclined , to tell us the ‘ forename or nickname by which you are popularly known ’ .
4 There , too , under China 's post-1997 regime , Peking would be free to declare Martial Law ; and there , too , a garrison of the People 's Liberation Army would stand ready to suppress opposition or criticism by whatever means Deng and his successors deemed appropriate .
5 Their role is to give depth and colour to the issues at hand , and to provide a broad context or environment by which to guide the more specific calculation of quantitative forecasts .
6 If their activities are unsuccessful , only another professional can say whether this was due to incompetence or to the inevitable workings of nature or society by which even the most competent practitioner would have been stymied .
7 The actual damage alleged to have been suffered by the plaintiffs may be an example of a kind or range of potential damage which was foreseeable , and if the act or omission by which the damage was caused is identifiable it may put one on the trail of a possible duty of care of which the act or omission would be a breach .
8 8.1.4 any other act or thing by which but for this provision the Guarantor would have been released [ other than a variation of the terms of this Lease agreed between the parties that is prejudicial to the Guarantor ] Until the case of P & A Swift Investments v Combined English Stores Group plc it was believed that the benefit of a guarantor 's covenants could only be enforced by a successor in title to the landlord 's reversion , where there had been an express assignment to it .
9 Section 7(1) stated ‘ The provisions of the Act or order by which the land is authorised to be acquired , or of any Act incorporated therewith , shall in relation to the matters dealt with in this Act , have effect subject to this Act , and so far as inconsistent with this Act those provisions shall cease to have or shall not have effect … ’
10 Secondly , this performance measure is somewhat crude ; it measures whether the correct word was chosen or not , irrespective of the score or margin by which it succeeded over the other candidates .
11 On a large number of matches the extra few fish that this may put in their net will not make any difference between winning or losing , but it may affect the deficit or margin by which they win or lose .
12 He was more irritated than Coffin by what he felt was the untidiness of the case .
13 Welcoming Lenin 's New Economic Policy , he expressed the hope that the development of Anglo-Soviet trade would persuade Russia to ‘ throw away the last shreds of Bolshevism and Communism by which it is at present fettered . ’
14 Ezra ha-kohen not only played the leading role in reordering the nation 's religious establishment ( re-establishment ) , but was almost certainly responsible for a great deal of the safeguarding and consolidation by which the scriptures have come down to us today .
15 For Noah , it was a glorious culmination of dedication , endeavour and skill by what he called ‘ … our whole tennis family ’ .
16 His mind for a long time before this crisis arose had been turning to the idea of a new party orientation and government by what he called a Council of State …
17 This poor soul , pallid and puffy on his bed after desperate vomiting , sick and quiet and unregarded ever since , spent and ulcered mind and spirit by what he had so mistakenly undertaken , Jerome was for the first time wholly pitiful .
18 Harness : The arrangement of slings and webbing by which the load is carried .
19 Almost always it was underlain by a passionate feeling that genuine rights were being trodden underfoot , that the structure of custom and tradition by which all but a small minority of Europeans lived was being wantonly shaken , that any increase in government activity must threaten the subject .
20 The idea of Alfieri being used as a ‘ bolster ’ and medium by which Eddie can clearly explain his views and feelings are shown on pg 45 where he clearly tells the reader his feelings and views on Rodolpho being bent .
21 The intelligence and sensitivity by which some people draw rich implications from quite narrow experience would have nothing to work on if they had not plunged deep into that experience .
22 Pizzorno argues that the modern underdevelopment of the south of Italy can only be understood in terms of the historical relationship of area to the locations of power and productivity by which it has been dominated and to which it has been marginal .
23 This distinction reflects the mixture of accident and design by which they grew .
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