| No | Pattern | Freq | Relations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | by [v-ing] [prep] the | 1635 |
|
| 2 | [vb pp] by [v-ing] the | 1551 |
|
| 3 | [vb pp] [v-ing] [prep] the | 1168 |
|
| 4 | [vb pp] by [v-ing] [prep] | 708 |
|
| 5 | [vb pp] by [prep] the | 11 |
|
