| No | Pattern | Freq | Relations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | by [v-ing] [adv] | 3939 |
|
| 2 | [vb past] [v-ing] [adv] | 2896 |
|
| 3 | [vb past] by [v-ing] | 772 |
|
| 4 | [vb past] by [adv] | 455 |
|
