| No | Pattern | Freq | Relations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | by [v-ing] [noun] [conj] [pron] [verb] | 13 |
|
| 2 | by [v-ing] [noun] [conj] [pers pn] [verb] | 12 |
|
| 3 | by [v-ing] [noun] [subord] [pron] [verb] | 8 |
|
| 4 | by [v-ing] [noun pl] [conj] [pron] [verb] | 8 |
|
| 5 | by [v-ing] [noun] [conj] [pron] [vb past] | 7 |
|
