| No | Pattern | Freq | Relations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | by [v-ing] [prep] [noun] | 1176 |
|
| 2 | by [n mass] [prep] [noun] | 956 |
|
| 3 | [v-ing] [n mass] [prep] [noun] | 748 |
|
| 4 | by [v-ing] [n mass] [prep] | 90 |
|
| 5 | by [v-ing] [n mass] [noun] | 15 |
|
