| No | Pattern | Freq | Relations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | by [v-ing] [conj] | 2199 |
|
| 2 | [prep] [v-ing] whether | 702 |
|
| 3 | [prep] [v-ing] whether | 702 |
|
| 4 | by [v-ing] [subord] | 108 |
|
| 5 | by [v-ing] whether | 45 |
|
| 6 | by [v-ing] whether | 45 |
|
| 7 | by [verb] whether | 45 |
|
