| No | Pattern | Freq | Relations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | by [noun sg] is | 326 |
|
| 2 | by [noun sg] was | 137 |
|
| 3 | by [noun sg] are | 103 |
|
| 4 | by [noun sg] were | 45 |
|
| 5 | by [noun sg] 's | 25 |
|
| 6 | by [noun sg] be | 23 |
|
| 7 | by definition be | 19 |
|
| 8 | by contrast be | 18 |
|
| 9 | by law be | 14 |
|
| 10 | by parliament be | 13 |
|
| 11 | by [noun sg] being | 13 |
|
| 12 | by student be | 11 |
|
| 13 | by chance be | 10 |
|
| 14 | by rail be | 9 |
|
| 15 | by hand be | 9 |
|
| 16 | by age be | 8 |
|
| 17 | by government be | 7 |
|
| 18 | by rotation be | 7 |
|
| 19 | by nature be | 6 |
|
| 20 | by auction be | 6 |
|
| 21 | by telephone be | 6 |
|
| 22 | by night be | 6 |
|
| 23 | by post be | 6 |
|
| 24 | by car be | 6 |
|
| 25 | by train be | 5 |
|
| 26 | by statute be | 5 |
|
| 27 | by road be | 5 |
|
